Correlation Between Music and IQ in Children Essay

1. Introduction This project investigates the effect which the playing of a musical instrument – namely the drums – has on one’s intelligence and academic ability. A search of the literature reveals that studies of this kind have been conducted by other researchers in many parts of the world and has led to the conclusion that music is an extremely healthy activity to be involved in. A study conducted on school children in America concluded that children who took voice or piano lessons had higher IQ’s at the end of the year than those who did not (Munsey, 2006). Dye (2012) reinforces this, stating that scientific research shows that studying music improves school performance. Gaser and Schlaug (2003) showed that musicians learn advanced†¦show more content†¦The aim of this study is to ascertain whether learning to play the drums increases one’s IQ score or not. Will learners who take daily drum lessons for two weeks improve their intelligence by improving their memories and having their brains stimulated? 2. Review of Literature A number of studies showing the relationship between the playing of musical instruments and IQ development are discussed below. A few studies on the effect of drum lessons on brain development are also considered. 2.1 Correlation between Music and IQ in children In Canada, Schellenberg conducted a study on school children and college students and concluded that those who took voice or piano lessons had higher IQ’s at the end of the year than those who did not (Munsey, 2006). Schellenberg also studied whether the effect of an increase in IQ would continue to improve with more than a year’s lessons and his most recent work has proven that this is in fact the case. The study found that young adults who had taken music lessons in childhood did have higher IQ’s and better high school grades than people who didn’t. He concluded that college students who had played a musical instrument regularly as children were two points ahead in IQ compared to theirShow MoreRelatedMusic And Spatial Task Performance1604 Words   |  7 Pagesmystery surrounding one theory: music makes you smarter. It isn’t a new thing for parents to play Mozart’s Piano Sonata No. 10 in C Major for their infant in the hopes that it will somehow increase their chances of becoming a child prodigy, but it has been years since â€Å"the Mozart effect† was presented to the public. It was 1993 when Frances H. Rauscher first considered the effects of musical exposure. The same year he published an article in Nature entitled â€Å"Music and spatial task performance† inRead MoreStandardized Assessments Of Intelligence And Development847 Words   |  4 Pagesinformation of this study yield the correlation between music education, musical training, and musical experience of children and the ability that music have on the enhancement of children learning ability in the areas of auditory perception, reading related skills, verbal and nonverbal reasoning. The participants in this research are children between the ages of 3 to 10 year old and are all elementary school aged children. The first article showed the correlation between third grader, with variousRead MoreGrit Vs. Iq : Cognitive Development Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesGrit vs IQ: Essentiality Towards Cognitive Development Cognitive development can be defined as a field of study in  neuroscience  and  psychology revolving around the growth of the brain (Schacter Woods 2009). This development is the evolution of skills such as, information processing, perceptual skills, conceptual resourcing, language knowledge and other brain development traits (ibid). Passion and determination towards long term goals (otherwise known as ‘grit’) are parts of cognitiveRead MoreThe Need For Music Education Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesBrandon Moore Haga Humanities 9 November 2016 The Need for Music Education As society continues to progress throughout time, the common intelligence rates of the average student seems to be diminishing throughout the years. The lack of progress in the nation’s schools may be a resultant of less brain stimulation and the lower expectations that linger around society as a whole. With that in mind, there remains to be an abundance of effective ways in which the stimulating of children’s brains canRead MoreMusical Training Is Not A Foreign Activity Too Many People974 Words   |  4 Pagesthe world. Playing an instrument is not limited to being done in one place; it can be achieved in a variety of settings, such as in a room, on a stage and outside. Before technology allowed people to listen to music at anytime and anywhere, people had to attend live performance to hear music. (Oppenheimer) According to archaeologist the first known instrument is the flute. It was made out of a bone and the most recent one found is at least 42,000 years old. The a ge of the bone was determined fromRead MoreThe Positive Effects Of Music1382 Words   |  6 PagesIn our society now a days music is a big part of it. Music has culturally, morally, and emotionally influenced our society. Every known society throughout history has had some form of music. Andrew states â€Å"Some would look at music as a small footnote in the progression of humanity, it is in fact a much greater force; for some, it defines their very existence† (Andrew). Music has been a greater force in our societies today. For Example, listening to music has shown to positively affect mood, productivityRead MoreMusic Makes Children Smarter : Music Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesMusic Makes Children Smarter Music in many ways. has a potential to allure an individual, especially children, to improve their intellect, when involved in music. Schools and organizations had researched and estimated that schools with music curriculum, have more graduation and successful rates than school that do not doesn’t have music subjects. Universities have concluded that a specific part of our brain had a major role that can progress to become intellectual when exposed to classical musicRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Music Education1002 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease brain activity and increase IQ levels. Despite contradictory views of begging children wanting to play outside instead of practice violin music is proven to make you smarter. When a child particularly at a young age learns how to play an instrument preferably in a social setting is provides the brain of that child with extra dopamine, new neurological connections, better behavior, and higher test scores. Schools are turning to new programs to aid music education and there are many reasonsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Freakonomics By Steven D. Levitt Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesFreakonomics, written by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J, Dubner, is divided into six main sections that all show the similarities between a variety of completely different things. By utilizing statistics and history, the authors are able to create a book that shows that everything is correlated together and that everything is influenced by these statistics. Throughout the book, the authors compare totally different statistics together and show how these totally different statistics, can be linkedRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Children s Brain Development, Intelligence Quotient, Social Development And Overall Success3469 Words   |  14 Pagesand researchers whether music education plays a significant role in a child’s brain development, intelligence quotient, social development and overall success in life. Many believe the data has been unreliable because there is little to prove with absolute certainty that those who participate in music education were not just born smarter. On the other hand, substantial data has been collected in recent years that seems to clear up those questions of doubt. As America’s children continue to show a significant

An Anthropological Analysis Of Sworn Virginhood - 1106 Words

Possibility, Desirability, and Necessity: An Anthropological Analysis of Sworn Virginhood in Albania Gender can manifest itself in diverse ways depending on the society in question. In rural Albanian society, some women choose to live as men, or â€Å"sworn virgins,† by taking an oath of celibacy and following specific social and cultural conventions (Crossing Boundaries). Several facets of rural Albanian society must be considered in order to understand this phenomenon: the understandings of gender and the relationships which make it possible, the advantages that men experience which make it desirable, and the strict cultural logic concerning gender-appropriate activities which sometimes make it necessary. Although sworn virgins experience advantages in their roles as men, this practice should not be considered emancipatory. Gender refers to the culturally constructed behaviours, roles, and characteristics that are attributed to men and women in a specific society. According to Albanian cultural logic, gender is understood according to symbolic markers of femininity and masc ulinity. One such marker is self-presentation. Typically, women dress in long skirts with aprons, as well as headscarves or veils (Crossing Boundaries). In contrast, men wear trousers, wristwatches, and traditional men’s caps (Crossing Boundaries). Another symbolic marker of gender is the division of labour. Women are generally charged with domestic chores, such as cleaning and cooking (Young 2000:79-81).

Case Analysis Nike the Sweatshop Debate Free Essays

CASE ANALYSIS NIKE THE SWEATSHOP DEBATE Summary of the Facts Nike was established in 1972 by former University of Oregon track star Phil Knight. †¦ Nike has $10 billion in annual revenues and sells its products in 140 countries. †¦ Nike has been dogged for more than a decade by repeated accusations that its products are made in sweatshops where workers, many of them children, slave away in hazardous conditions for less than subsistence wages. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis Nike the Sweatshop Debate or any similar topic only for you Order Now †¦ Many reporters, TV shows, companies and organizations have repeatedly exposed negative comments towards Nike. For example, a â€Å"48 Hours† news report aired on October 17, 1996 regarding a Nike factory in Vietnam, which was visited by reporter Roberta Baskin. The reporter discovered that Nike hired millions of workers who are literate, disciplined, and desperate for jobs at wages lower than minimum wage. Another example of the criticism against Nike came from a newsletter published by Global Exchange. The newsletter uncovered that the majority of Nike shoes were made in Indonesia and China, countries with governments that prohibit independent unions and set the minimum wage at rock bottom. †¦ In September 1997, Global Exchange published a report on working conditions at four Nike and Reebok subcontractors in southern China. †¦ In November 1997, the organization obtained and then leaked a confidential report by Ernst Young of an audit that Nike had commissioned of a factory in Vietnam owned by a Nike subcontractor. †¦ Nike formulated a number of strategies and tactics to deal with the problems of working conditions and pay in subcontractors. †¦ In early 1997, Nike also began to commission independent organizations such as Ernst Young to audit the factories of its subcontractors. Finally, on May 12, 1998 Nike founder Phil Knight spelled out a series of initiatives designed to improve working conditions for the 500,000 people that make products for Nike through subcontractors. †¦ Even though Nike has admitted there have been problems in some overseas factories and has attempted to do things to rectify the problems, the company continues to be a target of protests and a symbol of dissent. Statement of the Problem On the May 12, 2001, Nike’s CEO Phil Knight made six commitments to improving the working conditions in Nike’s international All Nike shoe factories will meet the U.? actories. The six commitments were: The minimum age for Nike factory workers will be raised to 18 for footwear?†¦ Nike will include non-government? factories and 16 for apparel factories. organizations in its factory monitoring, with summaries of that monitoring Nike will expand its worker education program, making? released to the public. free high school equivale ncy courses available to all workers in Nike footwear Nike will expand its micro-enterprise loan program to benefit four? factories. housand families in Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Thailand. †¦ Nike has yet to hold up to these commitments they made to its workers and customers. Nike continues to be criticized by human rights organizations and the media because they have ignored demands that labor and human rights groups have requested. †¦ Causes of the Problem Nike has treated sweatshop allegations as an issue of public relations rather than human rights. †¦ Nike has not released documentation to date of their reports from the working conditions in the factories. . How to cite Case Analysis Nike the Sweatshop Debate, Papers

Competitive Strategy Modern Management

Question: Discuss about theCompetitive Strategyfor Modern Management. Answer: Business Model Innovation In the contemporary business environment, business model innovation can be defined as one of the leading strategic interventions of modern management influencing the business productivity in a positive way. In many business cases, most of the modern corporate businesses have prioritised growth over future sustainability. The referred tutorial video of business model innovation has defined the ways to attain long-term growth in the competitive market. Lack of innovation may have led to unsuccessful business strategies. Therefore, the suitable business model should be formulated so that long-term business sustainability can be achieved. By identifying the need for the target audience, efficient change in business strategies can be adopted leading towards growth (Ebel, Bretschneider and Leimeister, 2016). Moreover, complicated scheduling of management has contributed towards a lack of innovation in the business model. On the other hand, product differentiation and market segmentation ca n influence the business strategies. Precisely, only technological development cannot be addressed as innovation in business. There are significant strategies that must be admitted to creating value proposition in business. According to the video tutorial, the four-step model can be taken into consideration in developing the innovative business model. The first step can be identified as initiation where the businesses have evaluated their current business model (YouTube, 2013). During ideation step, the comparison of the business model with other models has been drawn. The third step is an integration that identifies the efficiency of the model. Lastly, in the implementing stage, the latest selected business model can be put into action leading towards growth. Global multinational corporations operating in the target market have utilised the innovative business model to attain sustainability in the developed markets as well as emerging markets. For instance, Unilever Company has defined a well-organised business model so that the company can achieve a commendable competitive edge over the other market participants. By developing subsidiaries in the leading developed as well as developing countries, the corporation has increased its market share (Andries and Debackere, 2013). On the other hand, thorough market research has helped the business to identify the need of the diverse target audience to create a value proposition. The company has established different brand suitable for the target audience. Meanwhile, affordable pricing, customer-oriented products, and competitive growth factors have led sustainability of business. By using the four model of business innovation, Unilever has identified the existing market business model for both t he developed and emerging economies. Based on the market investigation, the company has compared the business model to other effective business models to make significant changes. Also, the integration stage has evaluated the efficiency of the business model. By defining sales and profitability figures, the effectiveness of the model can be identified (Linder and Williander, 2015). To finish, a new set of business model can be upgraded according to the trend in the markets. By following the strategies, Unilever has successfully met the requirement of the target demographics creating competitive advantage and brand recognition. Thus, the effectual business model approach has been included in the global business operations of Unilever. Conclusively, the business innovation model has defined new ways for the organisation to become one of the business leaders in the consumer goods manufacturing sector. CAGE Framework CAGE framework can be identified as a major management tool that is used by the firms to measure the diversity of culture and distinction of features between the two countries in which it company operates (Waweru, 2011). The identification of the differences helps the management to plan the strategies according to the need of the market. According to the e-material provided during week five, Pankaj Ghemawat illustrates the utilisation of CAGE framework in modern businesses. According to Pankaj Ghemawat, the CAGE framework can be used by the modern business organizations to identify the differences of factors between the two countries in which the company operates (Ghemawat, 2015). The CAGE framework analysis can be used by the international firms to develop trade policies to seek growth in the overseas market. It helps the international firms to realise the level of trade opportunities available in the specific countries other than the host country to dictate the business terms requi red for the global exposure of the firm. On the other hand, Ghemawat explained that the word CAGE is an acronym of four words that explains the factors needed to be considered while starting a business in the global market. In the CAGE framework, the letter C stands for Culture, A represents Administration/Politics, G stands for Geographic and E stands for Economic factors (Ghemawat, 2015). Hence, the narrator says that if both the countries have similar cultural, share common geographic border, has equal per capita income, and same official language, the opportunity for trade increases by ten to fifteen times as compared to a dissimilar countries. Hence, it is important for an organization to consider the factors explained in the CAGE framework, before choosing a foreign market for the expansion of its business. Business Model Innovation In the contemporary business environment, business model innovation can be defined as one of the leading strategic interventions of modern management influencing the business productivity in a positive way. In many business cases, most of the modern corporate businesses have prioritised growth over future sustainability. The referred tutorial video of business model innovation has defined the ways to attain long-term growth in the competitive market. Lack of innovation may have led to unsuccessful business strategies. Therefore, the suitable business model should be formulated so that long-term business sustainability can be achieved. By identifying the need for the target audience, efficient change in business strategies can be adopted leading towards growth (Ebel, Bretschneider and Leimeister, 2016). Moreover, complicated scheduling of management has contributed towards a lack of innovation in the business model. On the other hand, product differentiation and market segmentation ca n influence the business strategies. Precisely, only technological development cannot be addressed as innovation in business. There are significant strategies that must be admitted to creating value proposition in business. According to the video tutorial, the four-step model can be taken into consideration in developing the innovative business model. The first step can be identified as initiation where the businesses have evaluated their current business model (YouTube, 2013). During ideation step, the comparison of the business model with other models has been drawn. The third step is an integration that identifies the efficiency of the model. Lastly, in the implementing stage, the latest selected business model can be put into action leading towards growth. Global multinational corporations operating in the target market have utilised the innovative business model to attain sustainability in the developed markets as well as emerging markets. For instance, Unilever Company has defined a well-organised business model so that the company can achieve a commendable competitive edge over the other market participants. By developing subsidiaries in the leading developed as well as developing countries, the corporation has increased its market share (Andries and Debackere, 2013). On the other hand, thorough market research has helped the business to identify the need of the diverse target audience to create a value proposition. The company has established different brand suitable for the target audience. Meanwhile, affordable pricing, customer-oriented products, and competitive growth factors have led sustainability of business. By using the four model of business innovation, Unilever has identified the existing market business model for both t he developed and emerging economies. Based on the market investigation, the company has compared the business model to other effective business models to make significant changes. Also, the integration stage has evaluated the efficiency of the business model. By defining sales and profitability figures, the effectiveness of the model can be identified (Linder and Williander, 2015). To finish, a new set of business model can be upgraded according to the trend in the markets. By following the strategies, Unilever has successfully met the requirement of the target demographics creating competitive advantage and brand recognition. Thus, the effectual business model approach has been included in the global business operations of Unilever. Conclusively, the business innovation model has defined new ways for the organisation to become one of the business leaders in the consumer goods manufacturing sector. CAGE Framework CAGE framework can be identified as a major management tool that is used by the firms to measure the diversity of culture and distinction of features between the two countries in which it company operates (Waweru, 2011). The identification of the differences helps the management to plan the strategies according to the need of the market. According to the e-material provided during week five, Pankaj Ghemawat illustrates the utilisation of CAGE framework in modern businesses. According to Pankaj Ghemawat, the CAGE framework can be used by the modern business organizations to identify the differences of factors between the two countries in which the company operates (Ghemawat, 2015). The CAGE framework analysis can be used by the international firms to develop trade policies to seek growth in the overseas market. It helps the international firms to realise the level of trade opportunities available in the specific countries other than the host country to dictate the business terms requi red for the global exposure of the firm. On the other hand, Ghemawat explained that the word CAGE is an acronym of four words that explains the factors needed to be considered while starting a business in the global market. In the CAGE framework, the letter C stands for Culture, A represents Administration/Politics, G stands for Geographic and E stands for Economic factors (Ghemawat, 2015). Hence, the narrator says that if both the countries have similar cultural, share common geographic border, has equal per capita income, and same official language, the opportunity for trade increases by ten to fifteen times as compared to a dissimilar countries. Hence, it is important for an organization to consider the factors explained in the CAGE framework, before choosing a foreign market for the expansion of its business. By considering the above analysis, it is important for every international organisation to consider the factors of the CAGE framework before planning its global expansion strategy. For example, Unilever is a multinational organisation that deals with consumer goods all across the globe. The company can improvise the CAGE framework in order to seek sustainable growth of business in the foreign market. Precisely, CAGE framework will help the company to identify markets with similar cultural, economic balance, geographical boundaries and political situation that provides better trade opportunities over the international platform (Fahey, 2007). CAGE framework can be used by the Unilever to secure its further market penetration by identifying the opportunities and possibilities in the emerging as well as developed nations (Brookfield, 2013). For instance, Unilever is a Dutch-British company, which will find market similarities in other developed European countries such as France, Spain an d Germany. On the other hand, it will be difficult for Unilever to grow its business in the emerging nations like China, India, Indonesia, and Singapore by using the same strategies that are implemented in the developed nations. Conclusively, the CAGE framework helps the organisation to find the most suitable market to grow its businesses and develop international expansion strategy as per the current factors of the target markets. References Andries, P. and Debackere, K. (2013). Business Model Innovation: Propositions on the Appropriateness of Different Learning Approaches. Creativity and Innovation Management, 22(4), pp.337-358. Brookfield, J. (2003). Globalization and competitive advantage. Strategy Leadership, 31(3). Ebel, P., Bretschneider, U. and Leimeister, J. (2016). Leveraging virtual business model innovation: a framework for designing business model development tools.Information Systems Journal, 26(5), pp.519-550. Fahey, L. (2007). Connecting strategy and competitive intelligence: refocusing intelligence to produce critical strategy inputs. Strategy Leadership, 35(1), pp.4-12. Ghemawat, P. (2015). Pankaj Ghemawat: CAGE Framework for International Trade - Global Matters. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7FpUJaG7uMk [Accessed Apr. 2017]. Linder, M. and Williander, M. (2015). Circular Business Model Innovation: Inherent Uncertainties.Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(2), pp.182-196. Waweru, M. (2011). Comparative Analysis of Competitive Strategy Implementation. Journal of Management and Strategy, 2(3). YouTube. (2013).Business Model Innovation. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMI [Accessed Apr. 2017].